Automatic glass-blowing machine.



A. BBOTT, JR. AUTOM S WING-M NE.

APP TIoN r1 APB.24Y, 1

1,116,340. Patented No 1914.

7 BHEETB- BT 1.

@all y WITNESSES /N VENTO @ma aw A. 0. ABBOTT, Jn. AUToMATIo GLASSBLOWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APILM, 1912.

1, 1 1 6 ,340. Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WJTNESSES Za/Q0 Mahl Allarm), 51

A, O. ABBOTT, Jn.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

'l SHEETS-BHEBT 3.

WTNESSES NVENTOR Alterung/ 3 A. O. ABBOTT, Jn.`

AUTOMATIC GLASS BLOWING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APB.24, 1912'. 1, 1 16,340. Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

[N VEN TOR Allormg/ g 7 SHEETS-*SHEET 4.

WJTNESSES A. 0. ABBOTT, JR. AUTOMATIC GLASS BLOWING MACHINE. APPLIOATINFILED APR.24,`1912.

`1,1 16,340. Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

7 SHEETS-'SHEET 5.

H59 a "jay 4 il" N IN VEN T 0R WITNESSES @MV xy MM'- @M Allamey A. O.ABBOTT, JR. AUTOMATIC GLASS BLOWING MACHINE.

APPLIoATIoN FILED 1911.24, 1912.

Patented NOV. 3, 1914.

WITNESSES A /forne )LS A. 0. ABBOTT, JR. AUTOMATIC GLASS BLOWINGMACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED `APILM, 1912.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

NVENTOR www 0W WITNESSES e/ww @j M Allarm] .S

ADRIAN O. ABBOTT, JR.,

F TOLEDO, OHIO.

AUTOMATIC GLASS-BLOWING MACHINE.

Specication ot Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

Application led April 24, 1912. Serial No. 692,901.

\ To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADRIAN O. ABBOTT, J r., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Glass-Blowing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This machine is designed for blowing bottles, globes, bulbs, jars, etc.,of all sizes.

My device is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, where,

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a glass blowing machine; Fig. 2a front view of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a plan view of Fig. 1 seen from above;Fig. 4 a side view of part of Fig. 5, showing gears for revolving theblow heads; Fig. 5 a vertical cross section and part elevation of a blowhead and gears; Fig. 5, a side elevation of the blow head plate andguide in larger scale. Fig. 6 a vertical section of a part of thefurnace pot; Fig. 7 a plan view of the blanking molds; Fig. 8 adiagrammatic view of the closed finishing molds; Fig. '9 a diagrammaticview of the open finishing molds; Fig. l0 a detail view of the nozzle asadapted to blow lantern globes; Fig. 11 an elevation, partly in section,of a clutch arrangement; Fig. 12 an end view of a part of Fig. 11; Fig.13 a top plan view, partly in section, of a part of Fig. 11, and Fig. 14a cross section of Fig. 11 showing arrangement of contacts. Fig. 15 is adetail view of the nozzle in larger scale.

The glass pot shown in Fig. 1 is a receiving pot taking glass from amelting pot as the` glass isA used. The height of glass in the receivingpot is depended upon to force the glass into the blanking mold and as itis taken from near the bottom of the pot, the best glass is obtained.This machins' handles a variety of sizes not possible in any othermachine, and the machine is also much smaller than any machine havinghalf the capacity; the number of blowing heads not being limited to thenumber shown in the drawings.

The construction and operation of the device will now be described (seeparticularly Figs. 1 to 5). The blow head 19 is mounted in a bearingframe or sleeve 20 (Figs. 2 and 5) and the whole suspended uponreciprocating guides 21, 22, which carry a number of these heads andmove each from the position shown in full lines, over the tank pickingup a blanking mold on the way and moving 1t over the opening 23 Wherethe glass is forced into the blanking mold 26 forming the blank which issheared between the edges of the mold and the openlng 23, when the moldtravels back with the head. The mold opens and the blank is carried intothe finishing molds by the jaws 24, 25, on the head which hangs abovethe blank. The finishing mold 27 is closed upon the blank, the airturned on and the blank expanded to the shape of the finishing mold.Thereupon the mold opens, the bottom plate 28, Fig. 5, falls away, thejaws then open and drop the article as shown, into a trough 29, Fig. 1,the jaws 24: and 25 constituting a common head for the blanking and thefinishing molds.

The conduit 18, Figs. 1 and 6, projects from the body of the pot nearthe bottom and terminates in a series of openings 23, through which theglass enters at the bottorn of the blanking molds 2G, Figs. 7 and G,when they 'are in such a position that their openings register withthose of the conduit. In Fig. 7, the blanking molds 26 are shown closedover the furnace openings and in Fig. 3 open and shifted to one side. Bymoving the plate 30 to the left, the molds are carried along, shearingthe glassl between the bottom of the mold and the furnace top, and asthey proceed, the rollers 31 on the end molds engage the slots 32pulling they molds open by means of the connecting rods 33 and 34. Theouter halves of the end molds are guided in the plate 30 by the opening35, the front wall of which is cut away sufficiently to permit thehorizontal transfer of the blanks from the blanking molds to thefinishing molds. The plate 30 covers the openings, preventing escape ofglass when molds are not over same, see Fig. 1. The top of the furnaceshelf is cut away at 36 to prevent blanks dragging along when they leavethe molds. The plate 30 is held in suitable guides 115 and together withthe molds is operated by pins 37 and levers 111 and the whole (molds andplate) is counter-weighed so it will automatically assume a positionwith the plate over the openings when not acted upon to the contrary.The plate-guides 115 and counter weights 116 are shown in Fig. 5n wherelinks 118 connect the pins 37 with the levers 117, which are rigidlyattached to the oscillating counter-weights.

- ll'n Fig. 5 is shown a cross section ci blowing head i9, one halt ot aShing mold 27 with bottom plate 28 and operating mech` anism for saidplate in position for blowa ing. '.llhe jaws 24 and 25- serve to supportthe blank in transiter from the blanking mold to the nishing mold, andalso for shaping the neck on the article. The jaws have a'hinge 38 andupon the hollow sleeve l@ or blow pipe 39 being raised, the projec tions46 on the lower part oi the head strike rods 41 and open the iaws. Thehinge 38 is situated on a sleeve 42, which may be revolved by a gear 43,but is not reciprocated it except in adjusting. The air enters from ahose 114 at the ports 44 in the crosshead 45 and proceeds as indicatedby the arrows through the openings in the nozzle 46, which communicateswith a space between the 2u nozzle 46 and itssecuring thimble 47 andpasses into the blank as shown by the ar'- rowsp 'llhe thimble 47 isvshaped to contorni with the interior of the neck of the bottle and thenozzle 46`serves as a plug to keep glass trom enteringthe blow pipe orsleeve 39, and when the blanm'ng Vmold is hlling, it allows some air toescape between nozzle 46 and` thimble 47 into blow pipe 39. The end ofthis nozzle or plug 46 is shaped to 30 form a starting point in theblank, which will give the best results in distribution of glass inblowing. 'lhe outline oi a blown bottle is shown in heavy line with theshape ot the blank before blowing in dotted lines in center. rll`hebottles or other articles being formed, the molds open, the bottomplates 28 are swung by two arms 48 through 'the movement of cam 49, camlever 50 and push rod 5l into osition shown in Fig. 6;

40 the blow pipe 39 is then raised and presses upon rods 4l, therebyopeningthe jaws and dropping the articles out of the machine. llhe blowpipe 39 then drops, closing the jaws and proceeds to perform theblanking r operation, while at the same time the plates 28 are raisedand, upon the return of the heads with the blanks, thectinishing moldsclose around these plates being centered by them and locked by thetongue and groove 54. The bottom plates 28 are inserted ina long castingrg from end to endet the machine between the arms 48.

53 and 54, see Fig. 5, are the supports for thel inis molds, whichsupports also serve as conductors for a duid medium used for regulatingthe temperature oil the molds.

' For this reason the nishing molds are provided with ducts 55terminatingin the outlets 56 and 57. I

ln Figs. Sand 9 is shownhow the finishing molds are reciprocated. 'llhesupport 54 is fastened to the bottom of one half 27h oi each mold havinga sliding bearing with the other hall 27% and support 53 is l5 larlycoected to the other halt 27, so that niiueeo by pushing the projectingparts of supports 5.3 and 54 at lett and right side respectively of Fig.9, where molds are shown open, the halt mold 27 will slide along'support 54 and half mold 27h will slide along support 53 until theymeet as shown in Fig. 8. ln opening the molds, the reverse is true. Theduid outlets 56 and 57 join a common outlet at 58 through a flexibleconnection. 59 represents an inlet which supplies supports 53 and 54 andmay be placed at any convenient place, having flexible connection withthe supports. The molds and supports are reciprocated by means of levers61 and 62 and cams 63 in bearings 60 shown at the ends of the Figs. 2and 3, and Fig. 4 shows means ior revolving the blow heads 19. The gears64 Fig. 5 are driven together andas they revolve, the cams 65 strike thestationary rollers 66 and the gears 64 are alternately raised andlowered, thus engaging the bevel wheel 67 first on one side, then theother, thus turning it one way then reversing.

'This motion is, transmitted through the gears 68 and 69 Fig. 4 to 43,which in turn v the mold, thus rubbing out the crease left by the mold.

Fig. l0 shows how the plug or nozzle 46 is eilt/ended for blowingalantern globe, leaving it open at both ends, the blank being formed asshown in heavy lines and expanded to the dotted lines. 'llhe blank moldsand nishing mold are of the same' length in this case. The diagonallines 'Z0-on the nozzle 46 represent line slits which are nec essary toconduct the air when large globes are blown,- but they are very line anddo not allow the glass to enter. 'lhey do not oo nnect with the interiorof the nozzle 46 except at the top. When glass is used lor blowingbottles, a variety called flint glass is used which at about 2300 F. hasthecon sistency of molasses. -dlt is very quickly chilled and in formingthe blank, the casing is chilled and this keeps the blanks from runningbut at the neck or where it is held it is chilled to shape.. Lead glasswhich is used for electric light bulbs, etc., cannot be handled in anopen furnace becausethe lead will oxidize out of the glass, but in thisconstruction either lead or flint glass may be used. lln using dintglass, it is necessary to anneal the articles after being formed insocalled leers and a provision tor a leer feed is necessary. Fig. 1showsin dotted lines the bottles dropped lin a trough 29 where they areallowed to cool until the nentbunch iso `is ready to dro from themachine, when the bottom 71 of t e trough 29 is pulled in the directionof the arrow, allowing the bottles to pass through.

Figs. 11 to 14 show the timing and operating mechanism which consists ofa continuously revolving sleeve-gear 72 driven by a motor through atrain of gears and is run ning free upon shaft 73. 74 is an electricsolenoid, operating core-75 and acting on shifter lever 76, which throwsjaw clutch 77 out of engagement with gear 72 at the same time moving thepiston 78 to the position shown, which creates a vacuum in the cylinder79 by forcing the air out around the cup leather 80. Air is thenadmitted through the port 81 controlled by the needle valve screw 82 inthe plug valve 83 and the piston is pulled by the spring 84. WVhen theslot 85 is reached, the piston '7 8 is no longer retarded and it,therefore, allows the clutch 77 to immediately engage with the gear 72.Supposing this period to be when bottles are being blown, the clutchthen engages the gear 72 for one half revolution, whereupon thevrevolving contact 86 on shaft 73 strikes contact piece 87 on thesolenoid core 75. The

Icore is thereupon drawn back and the machine stops with the heads overthe furnace openings. The setting of needle valve 88 will regulate thetime necessary to fill the molds, whereupon the blanks are conducted tothe finishing molds and the valve screw i 82 will regulate the time forblowing. The

plug 83 is seated on its bevel end in the casing and is revolved in onedirection by the rack 89, the gear 90, the pawl 91 and the two toothedratchet 92. The gear 90 is supplied with teeth on a little over half itscircumference and the pawl 91 is attached on this gear which -revolvesfree about the casing of the plug valve 83. The ratchet 92 is attachedto the valve 83 and has but two teeth cut diametrically opposite, thusinsuring proper alinement of ports for each stroke of the solenoid. Onthe end of rack 89 is a spring pawl 93 which operates the air regulator9-'1 by means of the lever 95, which returns automatically in closedposition by means of coil spring 96. This regulator has to regulate theperiod of air flow and although it works every stroke, the guide rod 21,Figs. 1, 2 and 3, shuts off the air when in position with the heads overthe furnace opening. On the driving shaft 73 (Fig. 11) is a band brake97situated, which insures quick stoppage and a positive means forholding all moving parts on the machine in position when the clutch 77is out of engagement. Fig. 12 shows a cam 98 which operates a lever 99and through connecting rod 100 reciprocates the yoke 101, which connectsthe guides 21 and 22, Figs. l, 2and 3. In Fig. 14 is illustrated amethod of making the solenoid contact. ,The disk 102 is keyed on shaft73 and holds the flexible contacts 86 and 103, which, as they revolve,strike an interrupter 101, causing them to spring back as shown indotted'lines at 103". Upon slipping off to strike the solenoid, contact87, the latter draws away and allows the contact to assume the positionshown in full lines at 103, missing the contact 87 upon the returnstroke allowed by the vacuum piston 78.

The heads are adjustable through a hand wheel 105, a shaft 113, bevelgears 106 and nuts 107 and screws 108 (Fig. 2), which latter havesliding heads containing pin and roller 109. The heads are operated bycams 110 driven by gearing from shaft 73 as shown.

'The levers 111 are provided with stops 112 which leave them in verticalposition when picking up blanking molds, thus centering the heads overthe molds (see lotted lines showing heads over furnace opening, Fig. 1).These levers 111 are open at the ends to allow the backing away of themachine from the furnace.

lVhen making small articles, the fluid spaces for cooling molds are notnecessary, but for large articles it is advisable on both blanking andfinishing molds. The blank` ing molds are then connected with fourhollow rods all on the same side of the molds as'rods 33 and 34 (Fig.6), which serve both for reciprocating the molds and conducting theHuid. The largest articles are made by using only alternate heads.

1. In a glass shaping machine, a battery of blanking molds in akstraight row, independent means for charging each of said blankingmolds, a battery of finishing molds arranged on the same level with andin a line parallel to said blanking molds and each finishing moldopposed to one of the blanking molds, each mold being divided upon avertical plane passing centrally through it and the opposite mold, meansfor opening and closing said molds, a battery of a like number ofblowing members, horizontally-movable in a group, from the blankingmolds to the finishing molds while retained in upright position, abattery of heads, movable with the blowing-members each head serving incommon for a blanking mld and its corresponding finishing ymold, andeach head being adapted to carry a charge of glass from a blanking moldto the correspondiiig finishing mold, means to move said blowing membersand heads in straight horizontal lines from the blanking to the blowingmolds, and means for delivering, pressure medium through said blowingmembers while the heads are on the finishing molds.

2. In a glass shaping machine, a battery of blanking molds in a straightrow', independent means for charging each of said lacv blanking molds, abattery of' finishing molds arranged on the same level with and in aline parallel to said blanking molds and each finishing mold opposed toone of the blanking molds, each mold being divided upon a vertical planepassing centrally through it and the opposite mold, means for openingand closing said molds, a battery of' a like number of blowing members,movable in a group, from the blanking molds to the finishing molds, abattery of heads, movable with the blowing-members in alhorizontaldirection, each" head serving in common `for a blanking mold and itscorresponding inishing mold, and each head being adapted to carry acharge of glass from a blanking mold to the vcorresponding finishingmold, means to move said blowing members and heads in straighthorizontal lines from the blanking to the yblowing molds,` and means fordelivering pressure medi/um through said blowing members while the headsare on'the finishing molds; all of said blanking molds beingsimultaneously movable with the heads and blowing members, during thefirst part of' thelr travel toward the finishing molds said blankingmolds being open during such simultaneous movement.

3. ln a glass shaping machine, a battery of blanking molds in a straightrow, indeendent means for charging each of said Elanking molds, abattery of finishing molds arranged in a line parallel to said blankingmolds and each finishing mold opposed tov one of the blanking molds,each mold being divided upon a verticalplane passing centrally throughit and the opposite mold, means for opening and closing said molds, abattery of a like number of blowing members, movable in a group, fromthe blanking molds to the nishing molds, a battery of heads, movablewith the blowing-members in a horizontal direction each head serving incommon-'for a blanking mold and its corresponding finishing mold, andeach head 'being adapted to lcarry a' charge of glass from a blankingmold to the corresponding finishingmold, means to move said blowingmembers and heads in. straight horizontal lines from the blanking to theblowing molds, and means for delivering pressure medium through saidblowing members A while the heads are on the finishing molds;

a common carrying plate for all of said blanking molds makingthemsimultaneously movable with the heads and blowing members, during'the first part of their travel.

toward the finishing molds, said blanking molds being opened during suchsimulta-` neous z movement and said plate being adapted'to close thecharging means by such Y movement.

4t. lln a glass shaping machine, a battery ofblaiijlring molds inalinement, independent Maaate means for charging each of said blankmgmolds, a battery of finishing molds arranged in a line parallel to saidblanking molds and each finishing mold opposed to one of the blankingmolds, a battery of a like number of blowingv members, movable in agroup, fromthe blanking moldsto the jfinishing molds, a battery ofheads, 'moving with the blowing-members each head serving in common fora blanking mold and its corresponding inishing mold, and each head beingadapted to carry a charge of glass from a blanking mold to thecorresponding vfinishing mold, and means for delivering pressure` mediumthrough said blowing members while the heads are on the finishing molds;all of said blanking molds being simultaneously movable with the headsand blowing members, during a part of their travel toward the finishingmolds, and having means automatically opening all of the blanking moldsby said accompanying movementn .molds, a battery of heads, movable withthe blowing members each head serving in common for a blanking mold andits corresponding finishing mold, and each head' being adapted to carrya charge of glass from a blanking mold' to the corresponding finishingmold, means to move said blowing members and heads in straighthorizontal'lines from the blanking to the blowing molds, and means fordelivering pressure medium through said blowing members while the headsare on 'the nishing molds; all of' said blanking molds while remainingin upright position being simultaneously movable with the heads andblowing members in horizontal direction, during the first part of' theirtravel toward the nishing molds; said blanking molds being opened duringsuch simultaneous Vmovement, the vindividual blowing members havingsimultaneous rotary movement and axial reciprocating movement relativeto the respective finishing molds in addition to their travelingmovement between the molds; a mounting being provided for said blowingmembers by whiehfthey'are carried between the molds, andtsaid blowing.members being provided with rotating gears mounted upon and carriedwith them, and driving connections carriedin part upon the mounting forsaid blowing members, and partly upon a fixed portion of the machine;said driving connections bein brought into coperation by the travel othe blowing members toward the finishing molds.

3.6. In a glass shaping machine, a pair of mqlds, comprising ablankingmold and a finishing mold on the same level and having a commonhead, said blanking mold having a stationary bottom' and a horizontallySlidable body maintained in upright position, said body being divided onits central vcrtical plane into two members, each movable away from theother, said vertical plane passing centrally through both moldsconstituting one pair; said bottom having an aperture for charging saidbody with molten glass and a plate for covering said aperture, whilesaid blanking mold is being opened, said plate being slidable togetherwith said ybody in the direction of the finishing mold.

7.y In a glass shaping machine, a pair of molds, comprising a blankingmold and a finishing mold on the samelevel and having a common head,said blanking mold having a stationary bottom and a horizontallyslidable body maintained in upright position,

said body being divided on its central vertical plane into two members,each movable away from the other, said` vertical plane passing centrallythrough both molds constituting one pair, said bottom having an a erturefor chargmg said body with molten g ass and a plate for covering saidaperture,

while said blanking mold is being o ened, said plate being slidabletogether wit said body in the direction of the finishing mold and havingan opening in which said body is seated, said opening permittingtransverse movement of said body members in a direction transversely tothe movement of said plate.

8. In a glass shaping machine, a pair of molds, comprising a blankingmold and a finishing mold on the same level, said blanking mold having astationary bottom apertured for the entrance of molten glass and aslidable body, the bodies of the molds being divided on the verticalplane passing :centrally through the two molds, a common head for themolds adapted to carry a blank from the blanking to the finishing mold,means for moving the' common head in a straight horizontal line from theblankin to the finishing mold, means to cause said slidable body to movewith the head in the first part of its travel toward the finishing mold,means to open said body duringsuch movement, and a plate extending fromthe side of said slidable body awa7 from the finishing mold connected t0the slidable body so as t'o move therewith toward and from the finishingmold without interfering with the opening and closing of said slidablebody, said plate covering the aperture in said stationary bottom whenthe slidable body is slid from over said a erture 9. -In a lass s iapingmachine, a plurality. of pairs o molds, each comprisin a blanking moldand a finishing mold havmg a common head, said blanking mold having abody divided on its central vertical plane, a common stationary bottomfor all of said blanking molds, said bottom having an aperture for eachbody for the purpose of charging said body with molten glass, a platecovering said apertures, while said blanking molds are being opened,said plate being slidable together with said bodies in the direction ofthe finishing molds and having openings for each of said bodies and inwhich they are seated, said openings permitting transverse `movementapart of sald body members in a direction transversely to the movementof said plate, and means for moving said body membersapart, said meanscomprising connections between all the right hand body members and otherconnections between all the left hand body members, and an arm on eachof the extreme right and left hand members and diverging grooves in saidbottom in engagement with said arms, a plurality of blowing members, onefor each finishing mold, one of said heads suspended from each of saidblowing members, said blowing members being simultaneously displaceablefrom the bodies of said blanking molds to the bodies of said finishingmolds; said blowing members being provided with levers engaging withsaid plate for displacing the plate, closing said apertures and openingsaid blanking mold bodies.

10. In a glass shapin machine, a plurality of pairs of molds, eac paircomprising a blanking mold Vand a finishing mold, all the4 blankingmolds being situated in one straight row and the finishing molds inanother straight row parallel to the first row and on the same level,the connecting center line of each pair The foregoing specificationsigned at Toledo, Ohio, this eighth day of April, 1912.

ADRIAN O. ABBOTT, JR. In presence of- R. M. TUBBs, I. IJ- PHLPS.

